Sabuwar Bege ga Marasa Lafiyar Ciwon daji: Ƙungiyar Harvard Ta Haɓaka rigakafin DC Super-Activator

Gabatarwa

Yayin da muke tsufa, aikin rigakafi na jiki yana raguwa sannu a hankali, yana sa ya zama mai saurin kamuwa da cututtuka ta ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin cuta, yayin da ciwon daji ke karuwa sosai. Bincike ya gano cewa sama da kashi biyu bisa uku na sabbin cututtukan da aka gano suna faruwa a cikin mutane masu shekaru 60 zuwa sama. Wannan yana nuna alaƙa ta kud da kud tsakanin rigakafi da tsufa. Idan za mu iya inganta tsarin rigakafi a cikin tsofaffi, zai yi tasiri mai kyau ga lafiyar su gaba daya.

A ranar 12 ga Yuni, 2024, ƙungiyar Farfesa Jonathan C. Kagan daga Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Harvard ta buga wata takarda mai suna "Gyar da lahani masu alaƙa da shekaru a cikin ƙwayoyin dendritic yana ba CD4+ T cell don kawar da ciwace-ciwacen daji" a cikin mujallar *Cell*. Labarin ya nuna cewa ta hanyar shiga tsakani a cikin ayyukan kwayoyin dendritic, yana yiwuwa a gyara rashin lafiyar da ke da alaka da shekaru, don haka inganta ikon CD4 + T don kawar da ciwace-ciwace. Wannan yana ba da sabon tsarin kula da ciwon daji na rigakafi a cikin tsofaffi.

Bincika Tasirin Shekaru akan Tasirin Ciwon Kankara Immunotherapy

Tawagar binciken ta fara amfani da samfurin linzamin kwamfuta na melanoma kuma sun yi amfani da berayen tare da PD-1 da CTLA4 tumor immunotherapy don tantance ƙarfin tsarin rigakafin cutar kansa a cikin ɓeraye na shekaru daban-daban. Sun gano cewa yayin da ciwace-ciwacen da ke cikin ƙananan beraye za a iya magance su, ba za a iya kawar da ciwace-ciwacen da ke cikin tsofaffin beraye ba. Wannan sakamakon yana da alaƙa da sanannun ƙarancin rigakafi da suka shafi shekaru biyu: raguwar tsari a cikin adadin ƙwayoyin T masu butulci da raunin aikin ƙaura na dendritic cell (DC).

Kwayoyin Dendritic (DCs) ana kiran su don tsinkayar dendritic da suka shimfiɗa a kan balaga. Suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin rigakafi na asali da na daidaitawa kuma sune mafi ƙarfin gabatar da ƙwayoyin antigen. DCs suna da ikon haɓaka ƙwayoyin T masu butulci don fara amsawar rigakafi a cikin jiki.

Tawagar ta samar da allurar rigakafi ta DC cell super-activator, wanda zai iya gyara raunin rigakafi a cikin tsofaffin beraye.

Binciken ya gano cewa ƙarancin aiki na ƙwayoyin DC na iya haifar da rashin tsaro na rundunar da aka lura a cikin tsofaffi. Sakamakon haka, masu binciken sun haɓaka babban mai kunnawa DC a matsayin adjuvant na rigakafi. Wannan adjuvant zai iya gyara ƙaura na sel DC a cikin tsofaffin beraye, haifar da aikin cytolytic a cikin T mataimaki 1 (TH1) CD4+ T Kwayoyin, da kuma haɓaka amsawar rigakafin ƙwayar cuta a cikin waɗannan tsofaffin mice.

Sarrafa Ayyukan Kwayoyin Halitta na DC Yana Juya Rawar rigakafi mai Alaka da Shekaru

Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa za mu iya gyara rashin lafiyar da ke da alaka da shekaru ta hanyar yin amfani da aikin kwayar halitta na dendritic, yana nuna cewa rashin lafiyar jiki a cikin tsofaffi na iya canzawa. Wannan yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci don inganta yanayin rayuwa ga tsofaffi kuma yana wakiltar ci gaba a cikin maganin rigakafi na ciwon daji na wannan rukunin shekaru.

Kwayoyin Dendritic, a matsayin sentinels na tsarin rigakafi, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen maganin ciwon daji. Suna iya kunnawa yadda ya kamata da jagorar ƙwayoyin T don ganewa da lalata ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, ta yadda za su fara amsawar rigakafin ƙwayar cuta a cikin jikin mai haƙuri.

Magana

Zhivaki D, Kennedy SN, Park J, Boriello F, Devant P, Cao A, Bahleda KM, Murphy S, McCabe C, Evavold CL, Chapman KL, Zanoni I, Ashenberg O, Xavier RJ, Kagan JC. Gyaran lahani masu alaƙa da shekaru a cikin sel dendritic yana ba da damar ƙwayoyin CD4+ T don kawar da ciwace-ciwace. Cell. 2024 Jul 25;187 (15):3888-3903.e18. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.026.

Gyara lahani masu alaƙa da shekaru a cikin sel dendritic yana ba da damar ƙwayoyin CD4+ T don kawar da ciwace-ciwace.

Cell

Saukewa: 41.584

2024.6.12

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