Taurari a cikin sel masu tushe! Bincike na asibiti da aikace-aikacen ƙwayoyin cuta mesenchymal stem cell

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, binciken da ake yi game da ƙwayoyin sel mai tushe yana ci gaba da karuwa, kuma ya zuwa yanzu, an dawo da fiye da labarai 47000 da ke da alaƙa da ƙwayoyin sel mai ƙanƙara a kan Pubmed.

Masana kimiyya koyaushe suna ɗaukar ƙwayoyin igiyar mahaifa a matsayin taska kuma koyaushe suna nuna yuwuwarsu na maganin cututtuka da rigakafin tsufa.

A yau, editan zai bayyana muku abin da umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell, da kuma nuna fara'a na mesenchymal stem cell a cikin fannin likita ta hanyar gabatar da bincike aikace-aikace na asibiti lokuta na cibiya mesenchymal stem cell.

Menene igiyar cibiya mesenchymal stem cell?

Cibiyoyin igiyar mahaifa (hUC MSCs) sun samo asali ne daga igiyar cibi na jarirai kuma sun fi aminci kuma sun fi dadewa idan aka kwatanta da manya-manyan kwayoyin kara kuzari. Suna da ƙarfin haɓakawa, bambance-bambance, da ikon sarrafa tsarin rigakafi; Bugu da kari, idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin samar da sel masu kara kuzari, ana samun kwayar cutar mesenchymal ta cibiya daga nama da aka ware ba tare da wata illa ga jikin dan adam ba. Saboda haka, MSCs na cibiya sun dace da bincike na asibiti da aikace-aikace, kuma sune zaɓin da aka fi so don maganin tantanin halitta da maganin farfadowa.

Kwayoyin ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta na mesenchymal sun nuna babban bambanci a cikin vitro, ciki har da chondrocytes, adipocytes, osteoblasts, skeletal cell, cardiomyocytes, hanta Kwayoyin, kazalika da samar da glucagon Kwayoyin, somatostatin secreting Kwayoyin, glial Kwayoyin (oligodendrocytes), da kuma dopaminergic neurons. Don haka, ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi na cibiya sun dace sosai don aikace-aikacen asibiti da binciken kimiyya.

Mesenchymal stem Kwayoyin sun zama wurin bincike

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, binciken da ake yi game da ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta yana ƙaruwa, kuma ClinicalTrials daga NIH a Amurka ita ce babbar cibiyar bincike ta asibiti a duniya. Dangane da sakamakon binciken bayanan, tun daga ranar 13 ga Mayu, 2019, an sami karatun asibiti 753 da aka yiwa rajista a cikin ma'ajin bayanai game da ƙwayoyin kara kuzari. Daga cikin su, adadin binciken asibiti da aka gudanar a China, Turai, da Amurka yana cikin sahu uku a duniya.

Daga mahangar nau'ikan cututtukan da ake bi da su, bincike na asibiti akan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na mesenchymal ya ƙunshi ɗaruruwan cututtuka. Daga cikin su, cututtukan jijiya, na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, da kasusuwa sune manyan wuraren bincike guda uku, wanda ya kai sama da 15%, kuma jimlar ta wuce rabi. Bugu da ƙari, adadin ciwon sukari, hanta, huhu, gastrointestinal tract, fata, cututtuka na autoimmune da kuma graft versus host disease (GVHD) yana da kusan 5%, wanda shine muhimmin jagorar bincike na asibiti na ƙwayoyin cuta na mesenchymal.

Binciken bincike na aikace-aikacen asibiti na ƙwayoyin cibiya mesenchymal stem cell

01.Cututtuka masu saurin kisa

1.1 Ciwon sukari

A halin yanzu, babu wani tsattsauran magani don ciwon sukari a asibiti, kuma za mu iya dogara ne kawai da insulin ko magunguna a cikin vitro don rage sukarin jini, kuma a lokaci guda hada kai da abinci da motsa jiki. Kwayoyin kara na Mesenchymal suna da ikon tayar da tsibiran pancreatic β Ayyukan farfadowar tantanin halitta.

A kasar Sin, akwai manyan asibitoci guda uku da suka gudanar da bincike a asibiti kan dashen kwayar cutar sankarau a cikin maganin ciwon sukari na II. Yawancin marasa lafiya sun sami sakamako na rage sukarin jini da insulin, wasu ma sun daina shan magani. A lokaci guda kuma, yanayin lafiyar majiyyaci ya inganta kuma an gyara yanayin rashin lafiyar su zuwa wani matsayi.

Babban Asibitin Fuzhou na Yankin Soja na Nanjing ya binciko aminci da ingancin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda aka haɗe tare da ƙwayoyin ƙasusuwan ƙasusuwa na jikin mutum a cikin maganin nau'in ciwon sukari na I ba tare da rigakafi ba. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa tasirin jiyya na marasa lafiya 42 yana da kyau. C-Pep ya karu da 105.7%, insulin 49.3%, HbA1c ya ragu da 12.6%, glucose mai sauri ya ragu da 24.4%, buƙatar insulin ya ragu da 29.2%.

1.2 Matsalolin ciwon sukari

Kwayoyin stem Mesenchymal suna da fa'idar aikace-aikace mai fa'ida a cikin rikice-rikicen ciwon sukari.

1.2.1 Ƙafafun ciwon sukari

A Asibitin Jama'a na lardin Shaanxi, a ƙarƙashin yanayi mara kyau, an yi allurar dakatar da kwayar cutar mesenchymal a cikin tsokoki a tsaka-tsakin 3cm x 3cm a raunukan marasa lafiya 5 masu fama da ciwon sukari na II masu rikitarwa da ƙafar masu ciwon sukari. Ga wadanda ke da raunuka masu tsanani, an raba allura 1cm x 1cm a cikin ƙafar ƙafa, tare da mayar da hankali kan allura a kusa da ulcer. Bayan jiyya, matakin ciwon ƙafar ƙafa da ƙumburi ya ragu sosai, claudication na lokaci-lokaci ya inganta sosai, kuma ulcers sun warke gaba daya.

A Asibitin Lardin Anhui mai alaƙa na Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Anhui, an yi allurar ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi na cibiya a cikin wuraren gyambon gaɓoɓin gaɓoɓin marasa lafiya 53 masu digiri na II-IV masu ciwon sukari. Bayan watanni uku na jiyya, idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar kulawa, ƙungiyar kulawa ta nuna gagarumin ci gaba a cikin zafin jiki na fata, alamar ƙwayar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafa, tashin hankali na oxygen na fata, da tafiya mai nisa.

1.2.2 Ciwon sukari nephropathy

Kwalejin Kiwon Lafiya ta Babban Asibitin Fuzhou, Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta Soja ta Biyu, da Asibitin Changzheng na Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiyar Soja ta Biyu sun yi wa majinyata 15 da ke dauke da kwayar cutar cibiya ta hanyar shiga tsakani a cikin jijiyar dorsal na pancreatic, arteries na koda biyu, da jiko na gefe. . Bayan jiyya, marasa lafiya sun nuna haɓakar hawan jini, sukarin jini, matakan C-peptide, da alamun aikin koda. Dangane da ingancin asibiti don haɓaka hawan jini na diastolic da aikin koda, ƙungiyar jiyya ta zarce rukunin kulawa da telmisartan na baka da allurar insulin subcutaneous.

02.Cutar Jijiya

2.1 Cutar Parkinson

An kamala shari'ar farko ta dashen kwayar cutar kwayar cutar Parkinson a kasar Sin a wani asibiti a Shijiazhuang. Xie Xiyun, mai shekaru 76 dan kasar Indonesia, yana fama da cutar Parkinson sama da shekaru goma, yana fama da taurin kai da takure a yatsu uku na hannun damansa, taurin jiki, wahalar hadiyewa, da kuma rashin kula da kai. A cikin sa'o'i da aka yi masa dashen kwayoyin halitta na mesenchymal, ya sami damar cin abinci lafiyayye da kallon talabijin a maraicen, tare da samun ci gaba ga sauran alamun.

Dokta Sun Li daga Jami'ar Kiwon Lafiya ta kasar Sin ta sanya dakatarwar dauke da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar kwayar cutar Parkinson a cikin wuyan jijiyoyin wuyan mutane 10 masu cutar Parkinson. Bayan dasawa, marasa lafiya sun nuna inganta yanayin tafiya, tsananin rawar jiki, motsi na son rai, da ikon zama da tsayawa. Ba wai kawai ya sarrafa ci gaban cutar Parkinson yadda ya kamata ba, har ma yana inganta aikin nama na kwakwalwa da suka lalace sosai, don haka inganta rayuwar marasa lafiya.

2.2 ciwon hauka

Tawagar da Zhou Qiang ya jagoranta a asibitin Jinyang da ke birnin Guiyang sun yi wa tsofaffin masu fama da cutar hauka magani ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin kara kuzari. Mara lafiya na farko, namiji mai shekaru 75, bai gane 'yan uwa ba lokacin da aka shigar da shi kuma yana da asarar mafitsara da sarrafa hanji. Bayan da aka yi masa dashen, waɗannan alamomin sun ƙaru da sauri, kuma bayan an sallame shi, ba wai kawai ya gane danginsa ba amma ya dawo da mafitsara da aikin hanji.

2.3 Rashin barci

Dr. Wang Yali daga asibitin 'yan sanda masu makamai na Zhejiang ya yi jinyar marasa lafiya 19 da ke fama da rashin barci ta hanyar jikar cibi na sassan jikin mutum. Waɗannan majiyyatan duk sun sami matsala wajen yin barci, rage ingancin barci, da jimlar lokacin barcin da bai wuce sa'o'i 6 ba. Bayan wata daya na jiyya, haɓakar ingancin barci a cikin marasa lafiya ya kasance daidai da na maganin baka. Bayan watanni biyu na jiyya, ƙimar ingancin barcin marasa lafiya sun fi na maganin baka. Bayan watanni uku na jinya, ingancin barcin marasa lafiya shima ya fi na maganin baka, kuma illar magani daya na iya wuce shekara guda, wanda hakan zai inganta ingancin barcin majiyyatan.

03.Cutar musculoskeletal

3.1 Ciwon haɗin gwiwa na lalacewa

A cikin 1990s, Brittberg da sauransu sun fara samun wasu sakamako na gyara raunin guringuntsi ta hanyar amfani da chondrocytes na autologous. Don haka, ƙarin karatu ya fara mai da hankali kan ƙwayoyin sel mai tushe na mesenchymal. Kwayoyin kara na Mesenchymal na iya bambanta zuwa kyallen takarda daban-daban da kuma gyara guringuntsin guringuntsi da raunin kashi subchondral.

A wani bincike da Akgun et al. daga Sashen Nazarin Orthopedics da Traumatology a Jami'ar Istanbul da ke Turkiyya, sun kwatanta tasirin warkewar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin 14 marasa lafiya da ciwon osteoarthritis. Sun gano cewa marasa lafiya da ke karɓar maganin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta sun nuna ƙarin ci gaba a cikin raunin gwiwa da kuma sakamakon osteoarthritis (KOOS) da sikelin analog na gani (VAS).

Wakitani et al. daga Makarantar Magunguna ta Feinberg a Jami'ar Arewa maso Yamma da kuma asibitin Cleveland Clinic a Jami'ar Ohio sun gudanar da gwaji na asibiti ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin halitta na mesenchymal. A cikin rukunin gwaji, gel ɗin collagen da aka haɗe tare da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta marasa lafiya, yayin da ƙungiyar kulawa ta sami daidaitattun adadin gel collagen. Dukansu ƙungiyoyi sun nuna haɓakawa a cikin aikin haɗin gwiwa, amma ƙungiyar gwaji kawai ta nuna sake farfadowa na guringuntsi a wurin da aka samu rauni. Sun biyo baya tare da marasa lafiya 41 waɗanda suka karɓi maganin ƙwayar cuta ta ƙwayar cuta har zuwa shekaru 11 kuma ba su sami matsala mai tsanani ba.

04.cututtukan tsarin haihuwa

4.1 Rashin haihuwa

Gyaran mummunan lahani ga endometrium, wanda shine mafarkin yawancin mata marasa haihuwa, yanzu yana yiwuwa ta hanyar fasaha na farfadowa na kwayoyin halitta na mesenchymal, yana kawo fata don cika mafarkin mata na zama uwa.

Tawagar Farfesa Hu Yali daga sashen kula da mata masu ciki da mata na asibitin Gulou da ke birnin Nanjing, tare da hadin gwiwar tawagar Farfesa Dai Jianwu na cibiyar nazarin halittu da raya halittu ta kwalejin kimiyya ta kasar Sin, sun yi nasarar samar da shi, a karon farko a duniya, wata hanya ta hadewa. collagen scaffolds tare da mesenchymal kara sel. Ta hanyar haɗa dabarun hysteroscopic na al'ada, sun sami nasarar gyara aikin endometrium da suka lalace, suna taimaka wa marasa lafiya uku cika burinsu na zama uwaye.

Madam Hu daga Yancheng, Jiangsu, ta fuskanci zubewar dabi'a guda uku tsakanin shekaru 31 zuwa 34, wanda hakan ya haifar da mannewa mai tsanani a cikin kogin mahaifar ta saboda tiyatar da aka yi mata bayan zubar da ciki. Ta hanyar amfani da ƙwayoyin sel masu ƙanƙara, Asibitin Gulou da ke Nanjing ya yi nasarar gyara mata endometrium cikin watanni takwas. Wannan ya ba ta damar samun ciki cikin nasara, kuma a ranar 17 ga Yuli, 2014, ta haifi "jaririn maganin farfadowa" na farko a kasar Sin.

Nanjing Gulou na Asibitin mesenchymal stem cell " tiyatar farfadowa na endometrial " ya yi nasarar ba marasa lafiya 13 da ba su da haihuwa damar yin ciki da kuma haihu, wanda ya haifar da 14 lafiya "jarirai masu farfadowa."

4.2 Rashin gazawar kwai da wuri

Rashin gazawar kwai da wuri yana nufin al'amarin da mata sukan samu ciwon ovarian kuma su daina fitar kwai kafin su kai shekaru 40. A halin yanzu, kusan kashi 1% na matan da suka kai shekarun haihuwa a duniya suna fuskantar gazawar kwai da wuri, wanda hakan ya zama babban dalilin rashin samun mace.

Farfesa Wu Ji da tawagarsa daga jami'ar Shanghai Jiao Tong da ke kasar Sin sun kebe kwayoyin halittar mata masu haifuwa daga kananan berayen da suka canza sheka zuwa mako daya zuwa biyu. Bayan tsarkakewa, al'ada, da sauran matakai, an dasa waɗannan ƙwayoyin zuwa cikin beraye tare da gazawar kwai. Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa kwayoyin kara kuzari na mace, kamar sauran kwayoyin halitta, suna da kaddarorin homing. Bayan homing, wasu sel sun bambanta kuma a hankali sun haɓaka zuwa oocytes balagagge, don haka maido da aikin ovarian.

4.3 Rashin karfin mazakuta (ED)

Yin amfani da maganin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na iya maye gurbin lalacewa ko matattun ƙwayoyin azzakari da kuma ɓoye abubuwan da za su gyara sel nama na azzakari marasa aiki.

Marasa lafiya goma sha biyar na rashin karfin mazakuta a kasar Denmark sun sami jiko na kwayar halitta na mesenchymal ba tare da magani ko dashen azzakari ba. Bayan watanni shida, maza takwas sun sami damar yin jima'i kamar yadda aka saba.

05.Cutar ciwon kai

A shekara ta 2007, farfesa Sun Lingyun a kasar Sin ya yi nasarar magance wasu cututtukan guda biyu da suka kamu da cutar lupus erythematosus ta hanyar amfani da kwayar cutar da ake kira mesenchymal stem cell, kuma a shekara ta gaba, ya yi jinyar karin wasu kararraki guda tara. Bayan jiyya, alamun alamun marasa lafiya sun ragu sosai, kuma babu sake dawowa a lokacin watanni 6.

A cikin 2012, Ma'aikatar Rheumatology da Immunology na Asibitin Haɗin Kan Jami'ar Jiangsu ta hanyar jijiya ta shigar da ƙwayoyin cuta mesenchymal cell ga marasa lafiya 21 da ke da tsarin lupus erythematosus, wanda ya rage matakan furotin na fitsari a cikin waɗannan marasa lafiya, ya rage ayyukan cutar, kuma ya saukar da tsarin Lupus Erythematosus. Fihirisar Ayyukan Cuta.

Tasirin mesenchymal stem cell dasawa akan ayyukan cuta da furotin na fitsari a cikin marasa lafiya tare da tsarin lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A cikin 2013, Sashen Rheumatology da Immunology na Asibitin Haɗin Kan Na Farko na Jami'ar Yangtze da Asibitin Jama'a na Farko na Jingzhou sun gudanar da ayyukan cibiya ta hanyar jijiya ta baya zuwa ga marasa lafiya 18 da ke da tsarin lupus erythematosus. Bayan wata daya, yawancin marasa lafiya sun nuna gagarumin ci gaba a cikin alamun asibiti da alamu kamar zazzabi, gajiya, da rauni idan aka kwatanta da kafin dasawa.

06.maganin tsufa

Tsufawar jikin mutum tana da alaƙa da rashin isasshe ko rashin aiki adadin tantanin halitta. Yayin da shekaru ke ƙaruwa, ana samun koma baya a duka da yawa da ingancin ƙwayoyin sel a jiki. Wannan yanayin yana haifar da raguwa da tsufa na ƙwayoyin da suka lalace da gabobin jiki da kyallen takarda da suka ƙunshi sel, yana haifar da rashin lafiya da tsufa. Kwayoyin kararrakin Mesenchymal suna da yuwuwar bambance-bambance masu yawa, masu iya bambanta zuwa nau'ikan ƙwayoyin kara da ake buƙata a cikin jiki. Ta hanyar ƙara ƙarancin ƙwayoyin kara kuzari a cikin jiki da kuma gyara gabobin jiki da kyallen jikin da suka lalace, ƙwayoyin sel na mesenchymal suna taka rawa wajen hana tsufa.

Tare da karuwar sha'awa da aikace-aikacen bincike na ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, an yi imanin cewa nan gaba, za a yi amfani da su sosai a cikin saitunan asibiti, ta yadda za a samar da mafi girma ga lafiyar ɗan adam.