Kev npaj kho mob rau cerebellar atrophy

1.Genetic:
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA).
Friedreich tus ataxia.
Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA).

2. Degenerative:
Multiple system atrophy type C (MSA-C).

3. Ischemic-Hypoxic:
Cov pa roj carbon monoxide lom.

4.Drug toxicity:
Phenobarbital sodium.

5. Inflammatory:
Sequelae ntawm mob cerebellitis.

6. Cawv toxicity:
Alcoholic cerebellar degeneration.

7.Lwm tus:
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration.

1.Ataxia: Ataxia yog qhov chaw kho mob tseem ceeb ntawm cerebellar atrophy. Cov neeg mob pom tias tsis muaj kev ruaj ntseg thaum sawv ntsug, swaying, thiab nyuaj tswj kev sib npaug, feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem sawv ntawm ib ceg. Lawv gait tsis khov kho, nrog rau cov kauj ruam dav dav, sab swaying, thiab sab sauv flexed thiab txuas ntxiv zoo li yog hais tias yuav poob. Lawv muaj kev sib koom tes tsis zoo, nrog rau kev txav mus los feem ntau overshooting lub hom phiaj, thiab kev sau ntawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv thiab tsis xwm yeem, nrog cov cim loj dua.

2. Cerebellar Dysarthria: Hais lus qeeb, nrog slurred, monotone, thiab qhov ntswg tones, zoo li tus qauv hu nkauj. Qhov no yog vim tsis muaj kev sib koom tes hauv cov leeg nqaij xws li daim di ncauj, tus nplaig, thiab pharynx.

3. Ocular Motor Disorders: Thaum ntxov ntawm cerebellar atrophy, cov neeg mob yuav ntsib disconjugate ntsia thiab oculomotor dysfunction. Tej zaum lawv yuav muaj ob sab ntxhib tremors nyob rau hauv ob lub qhov muag, nrog rau ob peb kis pom downbeat los yog rebound nystagmus.

4.Hypotonia: Hypotonia feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv mob cerebellar hemisphere lesions thiab tsis tshua muaj nyob rau hauv cov mob ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee kis ntawm cerebellar atrophy, tej zaum yuav muaj cov leeg nqaij hypertonia, zoo ib yam li cov neeg tuag tes tuag taw.

5.Cov tsos mob tsis yog lub cev muaj zog: Cov no suav nrog kev paub tsis meej thiab kev hais lus tsis zoo. Qee cov pov thawj qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cerebellum thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws xws li schizophrenia, kev puas siab puas ntsws bipolar, thiab kev coj cwj pwm.

1.Neurological Examination:

(1) Kev Ntsuas ntiv tes rau ntawm qhov ntswg: Qhia tus neeg mob kom ncua thiab rub lub caj dab sab sauv, kov lawv lub qhov ntswg nrog tus ntiv tes, thiab rov ua qhov kev txiav txim nrog cov lus qhia sib txawv thiab nrawm, nrog ob lub qhov muag qhib thiab kaw, sib piv ob sab. Ataxia yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov ceev thiab qhov tseeb, qhov yuam kev, lossis xav tau kev hloov kho kom ncav cuag lub hom phiaj. Hauv cov kab mob cerebellar hemisphere, ataxia tau tshaj tawm nyob rau tib sab raws li lub hom phiaj ze, feem ntau overshooting lub hom phiaj.

(2) Heel-to-Shin Test: Tus neeg mob pw tsaug zog thiab ua peb yam ua ntu zus: nqa thiab nthuav tawm ib qho qis qis, tso lub pob taws rau ntawm qhov rov qab txuas ntxiv qis dua lub hauv caug, tom qab ntawd zawv zawg pob taws hauv lub ci ntsa iab, aiming kom raug thiab coherent txav. Hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cerebellar, ceg tsa thiab kov lub ntsej muag yuav tsis ruaj khov vim qhov tsis pom qhov tob thiab lub siab xav tshee ua rau qis qis.

(3) Kev Ntsuas Kev Hloov nrawm nrawm: Tus neeg mob nrawm nrawm rau sab nraub qaum ntawm tes, lossis ua kom nrawm nrawm thiab txav ntawm lub hauv pliaj, lossis hloov pauv kov lub rooj nrog xibtes thiab sab nraub qaum. Hauv kev puas hlwb cerebellar, kev txav yog clumsy thiab rhythmically tsis xwm yeem.

(4) Rebound Test: Nrog ob lub qhov muag kaw, ib lub ceg ceg tawv yog quab yuam flexed thiab ces tso tawm los ntawm tus kws tshuaj. Hauv cov kab mob cerebellar, kev sib koom ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov leeg agonist thiab antagonist tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tawm dag zog uas ua rau nws tus kheej ntaus. Xwb, ob txhais caj npab yog tuav nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej thiab ncua, thiab tus neeg soj ntsuam dheev thawb lawv downwards thiab ces tso. Cov tib neeg ib txwm muaj peev xwm rov qab mus rau qhov qub qub, thaum cov neeg uas muaj cerebellar ataxia tsis tuaj yeem tswj kev sib koom tes ntawm cov leeg agonist thiab antagonist, feem ntau ua rau muaj kev txav mus los thiab ntev oscillation.

(5) Yav dhau los-Pointing Test: Tus neeg mob ncua lub sab sauv sab sauv mus rau pem hauv ntej, tso tus ntiv tes taw rau ntawm tus neeg kuaj xyuas tus ntiv tes nyob ruaj ruaj, ces tsa tes ntsug thiab nqa nws rov qab los kov tus kws kuaj xyuas tus ntiv tes. Kev ntsuam xyuas yog ua nrog tus neeg mob tuav lub caj dab sab sauv, ua ntej nrog lub qhov muag qhib thiab tom qab ntawd kaw. Hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cerebellar, tus neeg mob tus ntiv tes tsis raug taw tes rau tus kws kuaj xyuas tus ntiv tes tab sis overshoots.

(6) Sit-Up Test: Tus neeg mob pw tsaug zog, txhais tes tso rau ntawm lub hauv siab yam tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa, thiab sim zaum. Hauv cov tib neeg ib txwm, tsuas yog lub cev flexes, thiab ob qho tib si qis qis tuaj yeem ntxhov siab yam tsis tau tawm ntawm lub txaj. Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cerebellar, ob lub duav thiab lub cev flex ib txhij, thiab ob qho tib si qis qis, hu ua co-contraction sign.

2.Neuroimaging:

CT thiab magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cerebellar atrophy, uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce thiab nthuav dav cerebellar fissures, txo ntim, ceg folia zoo li, loj cerebellar cisterns, thiab dilation ntawm plaub ventricle.

Kev kuaj mob cerebellar atrophy tsis yog ib qho nyuaj thiab feem ntau yog nyob ntawm tus neeg mob cov keeb kwm kho mob, cov tsos mob, kev kuaj mob, thiab kev tshawb fawb pom.