I-Cerebral Palsy-Ayiyiyo le nto uyicingayo.

"Cerebral palsy" ligama elithintelwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngabazali abaninzi ababandakanyekayo. Ekuqondeni kwendabuko kwabazali abaninzi, "i-cerebral palsy" ithetha "ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okungenakulungiseka kunye nokuphazamiseka kwentshukumo yomzimba." Ke, ngaba i-cerebral palsy iyoyikisa ngokwenene? Ngaba ngokwenene ayikho indlela yokuphucula i-cerebral palsy?

Umbono ophosakeleyo 1: Yintoni i-cerebral palsy?

I-Cerebral palsy ibhekisa kwi-non-progressive syndrome yomonakalo wobuchopho obangelwa yimiba eyahlukeneyo ngexesha lokubeleka ukuya kwixesha lokuzala, ukuya kwinyanga enye emva kokuzalwa. Ibonakalisa ngokuyintloko njengokukhubazeka kwelungu, kubandakanywa ukuphazamiseka kwemoto ephakathi, ithoni yemisipha engaqhelekanga, ukuhamba okungaqhelekanga, kunye ne-reflex abnormalities. Ukongeza, i-cerebral palsy ihlala ihamba kunye nokunye ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwengqondo okufana nokukhubazeka kwengqondo, ukuxhuzula, ukungaboni kakuhle, i-strabismus, kunye ne-nystagmus. Isenokubandakanya ukungeva kakuhle, ukuphazamiseka kolwimi, ukungakwazi ukuqonda, kunye neziphako zokuziphatha.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba kwizigulane ezininzi ze-cerebral palsy, olona phawu luphambili kukushukuma okuthintelweyo. Lo mahluko ubalulekile ngexesha lobusana. Ebudeni bonyaka omnye okanye emibini yokuqala emva kokuzalwa, kunzima ukufumanisa ukuba ukukhula kwengqondo kuyinto eqhelekileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela abazali abaninzi ukuba baphoswe elona xesha lifanelekileyo lothintelo kunye nonyango lwe-cerebral palsy.

Ubuxoki 2: Ifunyaniswa njani i-cerebral palsy?

Okwangoku, naluphi na ukuxilongwa kwe-imaging yodwa (kubandakanya i-ultrasound, i-CT, kunye ne-MRI) ayinakuqinisekisa ukukhubazeka kwengqondo. Ukuxilongwa kufuneka kusekelwe kwiimpawu zeklinikhi zokuphazamiseka kweemoto. Oku kungenxa yokuba naluphi na uxilongo lwe-imaging lubonisa i-snapshot yengqondo ngexesha elithile, ebonisa apho umonakalo wobuchopho ukhona; nangona kunjalo, ayinakuqikelela ukuba lo monakalo uya kukhokelela ekuphuhliseni okungaqhelekanga kwaye ekugqibeleni kubangele ukukhubazeka kwengqondo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cerebral palsy ngokuyinhloko kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zeklinikhi. Ukubonakaliswa kweklinikhi kubandakanya ukujonga iimpawu ezintlanu eziphambili zemoto kubantwana: izakhono ezinzulu zemoto, izakhono zemoto ezintle, intetho yolwimi, ukukhula kwengqondo kunye nokukwazi ukunxibelelana. Iingxelo ze-MRI zihlala zikhankanya izinto ezinjengokopha ebuchotsheni, ukuthambisa kwezicubu zobuchopho, kunye nophuhliso olungaqhelekanga, kodwa ezi ayizozalathisi zokuxilonga kwi-cerebral palsy. Ukuxilongwa okuqinisekileyo kufuna oogqirha abakhethekileyo ukuba badibanise imbali yonyango yomntwana kunye neempawu zeklinikhi.

Umbono ophosakeleyo 3: Inokufunyaniswa nini i-cerebral palsy?

Iintsana ezininzi eziye zopha ebuchotsheni xa zizalwa zikhawuleza zibhalwe njengezinokukhubazeka ebuchotsheni. I-Cerebral palsy ibhekisela kwimeko apho izakhono zemoto zomntwana ziyeka ukukhula. Nangona kunjalo, ingqondo yomntu lilungu elimangalisayo, ngakumbi ingqondo yomntwana, ekhula ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka emithathu yokuqala emva kokuzalwa. Ngesikhokelo sokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, ingqondo inomthamo othile wokulungisa kunye nembuyekezo.

Ngoko ke, ukuxilongwa okuqinisekileyo kwe-cerebral palsy kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela xa umntwana ubuncinane iminyaka emibini okanye emithathu ubudala. Nangona ezinye iintsana zinokubonisa iimpawu ze-cerebral palsy emva kweminyaka yobudala, ezi zimpawu azilungiswanga okanye aziguquki. Ngamanye amazwi, iintsana ezinembali yokopha ebuchotsheni ekuzalweni kwazo zigqalwa zisemngciphekweni omkhulu wokopha ebuchotsheni, amanqanaba aphezulu okopha abonisa umngcipheko omkhulu. Ke ngoko, ezi mveku zihlelwa njengasemngciphekweni omkhulu kunokuba zifunyanwe ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba zine-cerebral palsy.

Umbono ophosakeleyo 4: I-cerebral palsy ayinakungenelela.

Ngelishwa, ukuba usana lufunyaniswa lune-cerebral palsy kwiminyaka emibini okanye emithathu ubudala, ubugcisa bezonyango obukhoyo abunakunyangwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenzisa unyango oluthile oluxhasayo kunye neendlela zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunokunciphisa ukubandezeleka okubangelwa yi-cerebral palsy, ukuphucula ngokubonakalayo imisebenzi yemoto, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.

Kwiqela "elisemngciphekweni omkhulu", uphando olongezelelekileyo lubonise ukuba ungenelelo lwangethuba, ngakumbi ukuqaliswa kwangethuba kokuvuselelwa kweemoto ezisemgangathweni kunye noqhaqho lokumodareyitha olusebenzayo lobuchopho, lunesiphumo esicacileyo sokubuyisela kukwenzakala kwengqondo kubantwana abachaphazelekayo.

Unyango olubanzi oludibanisa utyando lwestereotactic kunye noqeqesho lokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili.

Uphando lwangoku lwezonyango lufumene kwaye lwaqinisekisa ukuba uqeqesho lokubuyisela umgangatho osemgangathweni lunokunceda ekulungiseni umsebenzi wobuchopho. Uqeqesho lokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nokulungiswa kwengqondo kuyahambelana; uqeqesho olufanelekileyo lunikeza ukuvuselela okulungileyo kwingqondo, ukukhuthaza iplastiki yayo kunye nokulungiswa. Njengoko ukuhlanganiswa kwengqondo kuqinisa, kukhawulezisa inkqubo yokubuyisela, kwaye kwasekuqaleni olu qeqesho luqala, lungcono. Unyango lotyando, ngokukodwa utyando lokumodareyitha umsebenzi wobuchopho (utyando lwe-stereotactic), lunokujongana nemiba yokukhubazeka kwamalungu ukuba uqeqesho lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo lulodwa alunakuphucula, njengethoni ye-muscle ephezulu, i-muscle spasms, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemoto.

Abantwana abaninzi abane-spastic cerebral palsy banemizimba ehlala ikwimeko yoxinzelelo oluphezulu ixesha elide, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunciphiseni imisipha kunye neekontraka ezidibeneyo kunye nokukhubazeka. Bahlala behamba ngeetiptoe, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, banokufumana ukukhubazeka okanye i-hemiplegia kuwo omabini amalungu angaphantsi. Ngeli xesha, ugxininiso lonyango kufuneka lube kunyango olubanzi oludibanisa utyando lwe-stereotactic kunye nokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Unyango lotyando aluphuculi nje kuphela iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwemoto kodwa lukwabeka isiseko esihle soqeqesho lokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili. Uqeqesho lokuvuselela emva kokuhlinzwa ludibanisa ngakumbi imiphumo yokuhlinzwa, ikhuthaza ukubuyiswa kwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yeemoto, kwaye ekugqibeleni ifezekise injongo yokuphucula ixesha elide kumgangatho wobomi.