Iinkwenkwezi kwiiseli zesiqu! Uphando lwezonyango kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando malunga neeseli ze-mesenchymal stem luye lwanda ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngaphezulu kwamanqaku angama-47000 anxulumene neeseli ze-mesenchymal stem sele zifunyenwe kwi-Pubmed.

Iiseli ze-umbilical ze-mesenchymal stem ziye zahlala zithathwa njengobuncwane ngoososayensi kwaye bahlala bebonisa amandla abo onyango lwezifo kunye nokuchasana nokuguga.

Namhlanje, umhleli uya kukucacisela ukuba zeziphi iiseli ze-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem, kwaye abonise i-charm ye-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells kwindawo yezonyango ngokuzisa iimeko zesicelo sophando lweklinikhi yeeseli ze-umbilical ze-mesenchymal stem.

Ziziphi iiseli ze-mesenchymal stem ze-umbilical cord?

Iiseli ze-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem (hUCs MSCs) zisuka kwinkaba yeentsana ezisanda kuzalwa kwaye zikhuselekile kwaye zindala kakhulu xa zithelekiswa neeseli ze-mesenchymal stem zabantu abadala. Banokwanda okunamandla, ukwahlula, kunye nezakhono zokulawula amajoni omzimba; Ukongezelela, xa kuthelekiswa neminye imithombo yeeseli ze-mesenchymal stem, iiseli ze-umbilical ze-mesenchymal stem zifumaneka kwi-detached cord tissue ngaphandle kokulimala emzimbeni womntu. Ke ngoko, ii-MSC ze-umbilical cord zifanelekile kuphando lweklinikhi kunye nokusetyenziswa, kwaye lukhetho olukhethiweyo lonyango lweeseli kunye neyeza lokuhlaziya.

Iiseli ze-umbilical ze-mesenchymal stem zibonise amandla aphezulu okuhlula kwi-vitro, kuquka i-chondrocytes, i-adipocytes, i-osteoblasts, iiseli zethambo, i-cardiomyocytes, iiseli zesibindi, kunye nokuvelisa iiseli ze-glucagon, iiseli ze-somatostatin secreting, iiseli ze-glial (oligodendrocytes), kunye ne-neurons ye-dopaminergic. Ke ngoko, iiseli ze-umbilical ze-mesenchymal stem zifanelekile kakhulu kwizicelo zeklinikhi kunye nophando lwesayensi.

Iiseli ze-Mesenchymal stem ziye zaba yindawo yophando

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando malunga neeseli ze-mesenchymal stem belukhula, kwaye i-ClinicalTrials evela kwi-NIH e-United States yeyona ndawo inkulu yophando lwezonyango lwehlabathi. Ngokweziphumo zophando lwedathabheyisi, ukusukela nge-13 kaMeyi ka-2019, bekukho izifundo zeklinikhi ezingama-753 ezibhaliswe kuvimba weenkcukacha malunga neeseli ze-mesenchymal stem. Phakathi kwazo, inani lophononongo lwezonyango oluqhutywe eTshayina, eYurophu, naseUnited States luphakathi kwezona zithathu ziphezulu ehlabathini.

Ngokombono weentlobo zezifo eziphathwayo, uphando lweklinikhi kwiiseli ze-mesenchymal stem lubandakanya amakhulu ezifo. Phakathi kwazo, izifo ze-neurological, ze-cardiovascular, kunye ne-orthopedic zizona nkalo zophando ezintathu eziphambili, zibalelwa ngaphezu kwe-15%, kwaye inani lilonke lidlula isiqingatha. Ukongezelela, umlinganiselo wesifo seswekile, isibindi, imiphunga, i-gastrointestinal tract, ulusu, izifo ezizimelayo kunye ne-graft versus host disease (GVHD) malunga ne-5%, isikhokelo sophando lweklinikhi ebalulekileyo yeeseli ze-mesenchymal stem.

Ityala lophando lwesicelo seklinikhi ye-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell

01.Izifo zeMetabolic

1.1 Isifo seswekile

Okwangoku, akukho nyango lukhawulezayo lwesifo seswekile ngokwezonyango, kwaye sinokuthembela kuphela kwi-insulin okanye iziyobisi kwi-vitro ukunciphisa iswekile yegazi, kwaye kwangaxeshanye sisebenzisane nokutya kunye nokuzilolonga. Iiseli ze-Mesenchymal stem zinamandla okuvuselela i-pancreatic islets β Umsebenzi wokuhlaziywa kweeseli.

E-China, kukho izibhedlele ezintathu eziphezulu eziye zenza uphando lweklinikhi kwi-mesenchymal stem cell transplantation kunyango lwe-II yeswekile. Uninzi lwezigulana ziye zafikelela kwisiphumo sokunciphisa iswekile yegazi kunye ne-insulin, kwaye abanye bade bayeke ukuthatha amayeza. Ngelo xesha, imeko yomzimba yesigulane iye yaphuculwa kwaye imeko yabo encinci yempilo iye yalungiswa kwinqanaba elithile.

ISibhedlele esiPhakathi saseFuzhou kwiNgingqi yoMkhosi yaseNanjing iphonononge ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweeseli ze-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem ezidityaniswe ne-autologous bone umongo weeseli ze-mesenchymal stem kunyango lwesifo seswekile sohlobo lwe-I ngaphandle kwe-immunotherapy. Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba umphumo wonyango wezigulane ze-42 wawulungile. I-C-Pep inyuke ngo-105.7%, i-insulin 49.3%, i-HbA1c yehla nge-12.6%, i-glucose yegazi esheshayo iyancipha ngo-24.4%, kwaye imfuno ye-insulin yehla nge-29.2%.

1.2 Iingxaki zesifo seswekile

Iiseli ze-Mesenchymal stem zinethuba elibanzi lesicelo kwiingxaki zesifo sikashukela.

1.2.1 Unyawo lwesifo seswekile

KwiSibhedlele sePhondo sase-Shaanxi, phantsi kweemeko ezingcolileyo, i-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell suspension yatofwa kwizihlunu ngezithuba ze-3cm x 3cm kwizilonda zezigulane ezi-5 ezinesifo seswekile sohlobo lwe-II olunzima nonyawo lwesifo seswekile. Kwabo banezilonda ezinzima, iinaliti zahlukaniswa nge-1cm x 1cm ngaphandle kweenyawo, kugxininise kwinaliti ejikeleze isilonda. Emva kokonyango, iqondo leentlungu zeenyawo kunye ne-numbness yancitshiswa kakhulu, i-intermittent claudication iphuculwe ngokuphawulekayo, kwaye izilonda ziphiliswa ngokupheleleyo.

KwiSibhedlele sePhondo sase-Anhui se-Anhui Medical University, iiseli ze-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem zafakwa kwiindawo zezilonda zemilenze echaphazelekayo yezigulane ze-53 ezine-grade II-IV zesifo sikashukela. Emva kweenyanga ezintathu zonyango, xa kuthelekiswa neqela lolawulo, iqela lonyango libonise ukuphucula okuphawulekayo kwiqondo lokushisa kwesikhumba, isalathisi soxinzelelo lwe-ankle-brachial, uxinzelelo lwe-oksijeni yesikhumba, kunye nomgama wokuhamba.

1.2.2 Isifo sikashukela

IKholeji yezoNyango zeKlinikhi yeSibhedlele esiPhakathi saseFuzhou, kwiYunivesithi yesiBini yezoNyango zaseMkhosini, kunye neSibhedlele saseChangzheng esiManyeneyo kwiYunivesithi yezoNyango yesiBini yezoNyango zinyange izigulane eziyi-15 ezineeseli ze-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem ngokungenelela kwi-pancreatic dorsal artery, i-bilateral renal arteries, kunye ne-peripheral vein infusion. . Emva kokonyango, izigulane zibonise ukuphucula uxinzelelo lwegazi, iswekile yegazi, amanqanaba e-C-peptide, kunye nezalathi zokusebenza kwezintso. Ngokubhekiselele kwimpumelelo yeklinikhi ekuphuculeni uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-diastolic kunye nokusebenza kwezintso, iqela lonyango liye lasebenza ngaphezu kweqela lolawulo elinyangwa nge-telmisartan yomlomo kunye nenaliti engaphantsi kwe-insulin.

02.Iingxaki zeNeurological

2.1 Isifo sikaParkinson

Ityala lokuqala lokufakelwa kwe-stem cell kwisifo sikaParkinson eTshayina lagqitywa kwisibhedlele saseShijiazhuang. U-Xie Xiyun, oneminyaka engama-76 ubudala wase-Indonesia, ebephethwe sisifo sika-Parkinson isithuba esingaphezu kweshumi leminyaka, enokuqina kunye nokucutheka kwiminwe emithathu yesandla sakhe sasekunene, ukuba lukhuni komzimba, ubunzima bokuginya, kunye nokuphulukana namandla okuzinyamekela. Kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa efumene i-mesenchymal stem cell transplantation, wakwazi ukutya ngokutyibilikayo nangokukhululekileyo ukubukela umabonwakude ngaloo ngokuhlwa, ephucula kakhulu ezinye iimpawu.

UGqr. Sun Li ovela kwiYunivesithi yezoNyango yaseChina wafaka ukumiswa okuqulethe iiseli ze-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem kwimithambo yentamo yezigulane ezili-10 ze-Parkinson's disease. Emva kokutshintshwa, izigulane zibonise ukuphuculwa kwendlela yokuhamba, ukuthuthumela, ukuhamba ngokuzithandela, kunye nokukwazi ukuhlala nokuma. Ayizange ilawule ngokufanelekileyo ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo sikaParkinson, kodwa iphinde yaphucula kakhulu umsebenzi wezicubu zengqondo ezonakeleyo, ngaloo ndlela iphucula umgangatho wobomi bezigulane.

2.2 ukuphambana kwengqondo

Iqela elikhokelwa nguZhou Qiang kwiSibhedlele saseJinyang kwisiXeko saseGuiyang linyange izigulana ezine ezigugileyo ezinesifo sengqondo esiyingozi zisebenzisa iiseli ze-autologous bone umongo. Isigulana sokuqala, indoda eneminyaka engama-75 ubudala, ayizange ibone amalungu osapho xa yamkelwa kwaye ilahlekelwe sisinyi kunye nokulawulwa kwamathumbu. Emva konyango lofakelo, ezi mpawu zakhawuleza zaphucuka, yaye ekuphumeni kwakhe, akazange nje abone amalungu entsapho yakhe kodwa waphinda wasebenza esinyini nakwizibilini.

2.3 Ukungalali

UGqr Wang Yali ovela kwiSibhedlele samaPolisa axhobileyo eZhejiang unyange izigulane ezili-19 ezinengxaki yokuphuthelwa ngokutofelwa ngemithambo ye-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Ezi zigulana zonke zafumana ubunzima bokulala, ukuncipha komgangatho wokulala, kunye nexesha lokulala elipheleleyo elingaphantsi kweeyure ze-6. Emva kwenyanga yonyango, ukuphucuka komgangatho wokulala kwizigulana kwafaniswa namayeza athathwa ngomlomo. Emva kweenyanga ezimbini zonyango, amanqaku omgangatho wokulala wezigulane ebengcono kakhulu kunalawo amayeza athathwa ngomlomo. Emva kweenyanga ezintathu zonyango, umgangatho wokulala wezigulana nawo wawungcono kakhulu kunowamayeza aselwa ngomlomo, yaye umphumo wonyango olunye wawunokuthabatha unyaka omnye, uphucula ngokuphawulekayo umgangatho wokulala kwizigulana.

03.Izigulo zeMusculoskeletal

3.1 Isifo samalungu esiwohlokayo

Kwiminyaka ye-1990, uBrittberg kunye nabanye baqala ukufumana iziphumo ezithile ekulungiseni ukulimala kwe-cartilage usebenzisa i-autologous chondrocytes. Ke ngoko, izifundo ezininzi ngakumbi zaqala ukugxila kwiiseli ze-mesenchymal stem. Iiseli ze-Mesenchymal stem ziyakwazi ukwahlula kwii-tissue ezahlukahlukeneyo kwaye zilungise i-articular surface cartilage kunye nokulimala kwamathambo e-subchondral.

Kuphononongo olwenziwe ngu-Akgun et al. ukusuka kwiSebe le-Orthopedics kunye ne-Traumatology kwiYunivesithi yase-Istanbul eTurkey, bathelekisa iziphumo zonyango ze-autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells kunye ne-chondrocytes kwizigulane ze-14 ezine-osteoarthritis. Baye bafumanisa ukuba izigulane ezifumana unyango lwe-mesenchymal stem cell zibonise ukuphuculwa okuphawulekayo kwingozi yedolo kunye neziphumo zeziphumo ze-osteoarthritis (KOOS) kunye ne-visual analog scale (VAS) amanqaku.

Wakitani et al. ukusuka kwiSikolo se-Feinberg of Medicine kwiYunivesithi yaseNorthwestern kunye neSibhedlele saseCleveland Clinic kwiYunivesithi yaseOhio yenze uvavanyo lweklinikhi usebenzisa iiseli ze-mesenchymal stem. Kwiqela lovavanyo, ijeli ye-collagen exutywe ne-autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells yafakelwa kwizilonda ze-articular cartilage zezigulane, ngelixa iqela lokulawula lifumana kuphela inani elilinganayo le-collagen gel. Omabini amaqela abonise ukuphuculwa komsebenzi odibeneyo, kodwa kuphela iqela lokulinga elibonisa ukuvuselelwa kwe-cartilage ebonakalayo kwindawo yokulimala. Balandele izigulane ezingama-41 ezifumene unyango lwe-mesenchymal stem cell ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka eyi-11 kwaye abafumananga zingxaki zinzima.

04.Izifo zenkqubo yokuzala

4.1 Ukungazali

Ukulungisa umonakalo omkhulu kwi-endometrium, eyona nto ibuhlungu yabasetyhini abaninzi abangafumani bantwana, ngoku kunokwenzeka nge-mesenchymal stem cell regenerative, ezisa ithemba lokuzalisekisa amaphupha abasetyhini okuba ngumama.

Iqela likaNjingalwazi uHu Yali elivela kwiSebe lokuBelekisa kunye neGynecology kwiSibhedlele saseGulou eNanjing, ngokubambisana neqela likaNjingalwazi uDai Jianwu kwiZiko leGenetics kunye neBiology yoPhuhliso yeChinese Academy of Sciences, iphuhliswe ngempumelelo, okokuqala kumazwe ngamazwe, indlela yokudibanisa. i-collagen scaffolds ene-mesenchymal stem cells. Ngokudibanisa iindlela zendabuko ze-hysteroscopic, bafezekise ukulungiswa okusebenzayo kwe-endometrium eyonakeleyo, benceda abaguli abathathu bazalisekise amaphupha abo okuba ngoomama.

UNksz Hu ovela eYancheng, eJiangsu, wafumana izisu ezintathu zendalo phakathi kweminyaka eyi-31 kunye ne-34, ekhokelela ekunamatheleni kakhulu kwisigxina sakhe se-uterine ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-uterine emva kokuphuma kwesisu. Sisebenzisa iiseli ze-mesenchymal stem, isibhedlele saseGulou eNanjing sayilungisa ngempumelelo i-endometrium yakhe kwisithuba seenyanga ezisibhozo. Oku kwamenza ukuba akhawule ngempumelelo, kwaye ngoJulayi 17, 2014, wazala "umntwana weyeza lokuvuselela" eTshayina.

ISibhedlele saseNanjing Gulou se-mesenchymal stem cell "utyando lokuvuselela i-endometrial" luye lwanceda ngempumelelo izigulane ezili-13 ezingachumiyo ezinemibhobho enzima yesibeleko ukuba zikhawule kwaye zibeleke, okukhokelela kwitotali ye-14 "iintsana zamayeza okuvuselelayo" ezisempilweni.

4.2 Ukungaphumeleli kwe-ovarian kwangaphambili

Ukungaphumeleli kwangaphambili kwe-ovarian kubhekisela kwinto apho abafazi bafumana i-ovarian atrophy kwaye bayeke i-ovulating ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-40. Okwangoku, malunga ne-1% yabasetyhini abaneminyaka yobudala yokuzala emhlabeni jikelele bafumana ukungaphumeleli kwe-ovarian kwangaphambi kwexesha, okwenza kube yimbangela ebalulekileyo yokungabikho komntwana.

Unjingalwazi uWu Ji kunye neqela lakhe elivela kwiYunivesithi yaseShanghai Jiao Tong yaseTshayina bahlukanise iiseli zesikhondo zabasetyhini ukusuka kwiveki enye ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini ubudala zeprotein yeprotein transgenic. Emva kokuhlanjululwa, inkcubeko, kunye nezinye iinkqubo, ezi seli zatshintshelwa kwiimpuku kunye nokusilela kwangaphambili kwe-ovarian. Iziphumo zophando zibonise ukuba iiseli ze-stem zokuzala zabasetyhini, njengezinye iiseli ze-stem, zinezakhiwo zokuhlala. Emva kokubuyela ekhaya, ezinye iiseli ziyahlukana kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe zakhula zaba zii-oocyte ezivuthiweyo, ngaloo ndlela zibuyisela ukusebenza kwe-ovarian.

4.3 Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Erectile (ED)

Ukusebenzisa unyango lwe-stem cell ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile kunokutshintsha zombini iiseli zezicubu ze-penile ezonakalisiweyo okanye ezifileyo kunye nezinto ezifihlakeleyo zokulungisa iiseli zezicubu ze-penile ezingasebenziyo.

Izigulana ezilishumi elinesihlanu zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile eDenmark zafumana i-mesenchymal stem cell infusions ngaphandle kweyeza okanye ukufakelwa kwe-penile. Emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, amadoda asibhozo akwazi ukuba neentlobano zesini ngokuqhelekileyo.

Izifo ze-05.Autoimmune

Ngo-2007, uNjingalwazi u-Sun Lingyun e-China waphatha ngempumelelo iimeko ezimbini ze-refractory systemic lupus erythematosus esebenzisa iiseli ze-mesenchymal stem, kwaye kunyaka olandelayo, wanyanga ezinye iimeko ezilithoba. Emva kokonyango, iimpawu zezigulane zancitshiswa kakhulu, kwaye akuzange kubekho ukuphindaphinda ngexesha lokulandelelana kweenyanga ze-6.

Ngo-2012, iSebe leRheumatology kunye ne-Immunology yeSibhedlele esiManyano neYunivesithi yaseJiangsu yafaka i-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells kwizigulana ezingama-21 ezine-systemic lupus erythematosus, eyanciphisa kakhulu amanqanaba eprotein yomchamo kwezi zigulana, yanciphisa umsebenzi wesifo, kwaye yehlisa i-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Inqaku leSalathiso seSifo.

Impembelelo ye-mesenchymal stem cell transplantation kumsebenzi wesifo kunye neprotheni ye-urinary kwizigulane ezine-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Ngo-2013, iSebe leRheumatology kunye ne-Immunology yeSibhedlele sokuQala esiManyaniswe neYunivesithi yaseYangtze kunye neSibhedlele saseJingzhou First People's salawula i-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells nge-anterior cubital vein ukuya kwi-18 yezigulane ezine-systemic lupus erythematosus. Kwinyanga enye kamva, uninzi lwezigulana lubonise ukuphucuka okukhulu kwiimpawu zeklinikhi kunye neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhathala, kunye nobuthathaka xa kuthelekiswa nangaphambi kokutshintshwa.

06.anti-ukuguga

Ukuguga komzimba womntu kunxulumene nokungonelanga okanye ubuninzi be-stem cell cell. Njengoko iminyaka ikhula, kukho ukuhla kokubini ubuninzi kunye nomgangatho weeseli ze-stem emzimbeni. Lo mkhwa ukhokelela ekwehleni kunye nokuguga kweeseli ezonakalisiweyo kunye namalungu kunye nezicubu ezenziwe ngeeseli, okukhokelela kwimpilo ephantsi kunye nokuguga. Iiseli ze-Mesenchymal stem zinamandla ohlulahluko olunamandla, olukwazi ukwahlula kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ezifunekayo emzimbeni. Ngokuncedisa iiseli ze-stem ezinganeleyo emzimbeni kunye nokulungisa izitho ezonakalisiweyo kunye nezicubu, iiseli ze-mesenchymal stem zidlala indima ekuchaseni ukuguga.

Ngomdla okhulayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kophando lwe-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell, kukholelwa ukuba kwixesha elizayo, baya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zeklinikhi, ngaloo ndlela zibonelela ngexabiso elikhulu kwimpilo yabantu.