I-Parkinsonism

Oyena nobangela wesifo sikaParkinson awukacaci. Izinto ezinje ngofuzo, iimpembelelo zokusingqongileyo, ukwaluphala, uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative, kunye nokuncipha kunye nokufa kwe-PD dopaminergic neurons inokudlala indima kwinkqubo yesifo.

Ukuguga

Zombini iziganeko kunye nokuxhaphaka kwePD kwanda ngokukhula. I-PD ihlala ibonakalisa emva kweminyaka engama-60, icebisa unxulumano nokuguga. Idatha ibonisa ukuncipha okuqhubelekayo kwi-substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons kubantu abadala abaqhelekileyo njengoko bebudala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhaphaka kwe-PD phakathi kwabantu abangaphezu kwe-65 ayiphezulu kakhulu, ebonisa ukuguga njengenye yezinto ezinobungozi kwi-PD.

Imiba yemfuza

Indima yezinto zofuzo ekuqaleni kwePD ifumana ukuqatshelwa. Ukususela ekufumaneni i-gene yokuqala ye-pathogenic ye-PD, i-alpha-synuclein (PARK1), ekupheleni kwe-1990s, ubuncinane i-pathogenic genes ezintandathu ziye zadibaniswa ne-PD yosapho. Nangona kunjalo, yi-5-10% kuphela yamatyala e-PD anembali yosapho, kwaye uninzi lwamatyala ayenzeka manqaphanqapha. Imiba yemfuza ikwayenye yezinto ezininzi ezinegalelo ekuqalekeni kwePD.

Imiba yokusingqongileyo

Kwiminyaka yoo-1980, abaphandi baseMelika abakhokelwa nguLangston bafumanisa ukuba abanye abasebenzisi beziyobisi baphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza iimpawu ezifana ne-Parkinson, kwaye i-levodopa yabonakala isebenza. Bachonge into ye-neurotoxic, i-1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), kwi-heroin yokwenziwa esetyenziswe ngaba bantu. I-MPTP iguqulelwa ebuchotsheni ibe yi-1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) enetyhefu kakhulu, ethi ikhethe ukungena kwi-dopaminergic neurons ye-substantia nigra, inqanda imitochondrial yekhonkco lokuphefumla i-complex ye-I, ibangela ukusabela koxinzelelo lwe-oxidative, kwaye ikhokelela ekuwohlokeni kunye Ukufa kwe-dopaminergic neurons. Abaphandi bacebise ukuba ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-mitochondrial kunokuba yenye yezinto ezibangela i-PD. Izifundo ezilandelayo kwizigulane eziphambili zePD ziqinisekisile ukuhla okukhethiweyo kwi-mitochondrial ye-respiratory chain chain complex I ngaphakathi kwe-substantia nigra. Amanye amayeza okubulala ukhula kunye nezitshabalalisi zabelana ngesakhiwo sekhemikhali neMPTP. Ukufunyaniswa kweMPTP kukhokelele ekuqondeni ukuba imichiza ethile efana neMPTP kwimo engqongileyo inokuba yimiba enegalelo kwiPD. Nangona kunjalo, bambalwa abasebenzisi beziyobisi abavezwe kwiMPTP baphuhlise iPD, becebisa ukuba iPD inokuba nesiphumo kwizinto ezininzi ezisebenzisanayo.

Ezinye Izinto

Ukongeza kwimiba yokuguga kunye nemfuza, izinto ezinjengokulimala kwengqondo ebuhlungu, ukutshaya, ukusetyenziswa kwekhofi, njl., Inokunyusa okanye inciphise umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa iPD. Ukutshaya kunxulunyaniswa ngokungafaniyo nesehlo sePD, isiphelo esingaguqukiyo kuzo zonke izifundo ezininzi. I-caffeine ikwabonisa iziphumo ezifanayo zokukhusela. Ukwenzakala okukhulu kwengqondo okubuhlungu kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa iPD.

Isishwankathelo, isifo sikaParkinson sinokuvela ekusebenzisaneni kwezinto ezininzi zofuzo kunye nokusingqongileyo.

Iimpawu zeParkinson's Disease ikakhulu ziquka:

Ukungcangcazela: Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa uphumle, njengokungcangcazela kwezandla ngexesha lokuphumla.

Ukuqina kwemisipha: Ukuqina kunye nokuchasana nokunyakaza okungahambiyo okukhokelela ekuhambeni okulinganiselweyo.

Iintshukumo ezicothayo: Intshukumo iyacotha, kwaye i-gait iba yincinci kwaye iyashixiza.

I-Balance Impairments: Ukutyekela kwiingxaki zokulinganisela kunye nemvakalelo yokungazinzi.

Iimpawu ezingezizo iiMoto: Ezi ziquka ukudakumba, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, njl.

Uvavanyo lwe-Neurological: Oogqirha bavavanya imeko yenkqubo ye-nervous ngokuhlola izakhono zeemoto zesigulane, ukuma kunye nokulinganisela.

Izifundo zokucinga: I-Brain MRI okanye i-CT scans zisetyenziselwa ukulawula ezinye izinto ezinokubangela iimpawu.

I-DaTscan: Izikena zamayeza eNyukliya zinceda ekuvavanyeni ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-dopamine.

Ukufunyaniswa kweSifo sikaParkinson kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zeklinikhi kunye novavanyo lomzimba, kwaye akukho vavanyo lwaselabhoratri olukhethekileyo lokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Oogqirha banokuhlola ngokwemigaqo yokuxilonga yePD (njengaleyo yi-UK Parkinson's Disease Society) ngeenjongo zokuvavanya.