Uhlelo lokwelapha lwe-cerebellar atrophy

1.Ufuzo:
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA).
I-ataxia kaFriedreich.
I-Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA).

2.Ukuwohloka:
Multiple system atrophy type C (MSA-C).

3.Ischemic-Hypoxic:
Ubuthi be-carbon monoxide.

4.Ubuthi bezidakamizwa:
I-Phenobarbital sodium.

5.Ukuvuvukala:
I-sequela ye-cerebelitis eyingozi.

6.Ubuthi botshwala:
Ukuwohloka kwe-cerebellar yotshwala.

7.Abanye:
I-Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration.

1.I-Ataxia: I-Ataxia iwukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko komtholampilo kwe-cerebellar atrophy. Iziguli zibonisa ukungazinzi lapho zimile, zinyakaza, nobunzima bokugcina ibhalansi, ngokuvamile azikwazi ukuma ngomlenze owodwa. Ukuhamba kwawo akunyakazi, kunezinyathelo ezisekelwe ububanzi, ukunyakaziswa kwezinhlangothi, futhi izitho ezingenhla zigobile futhi zenwebe njengokungathi zizowa. Asebenzisani kahle, nokunyakaza okuvamise ukweqa okuqondiwe, futhi ukubhala ngesandla kungase kuntengantenge futhi kungenzeki, kube nezinhlamvu ezinkulu ngokuqhubekayo.

2. I-Cerebellar Dysarthria: Inkulumo ihamba kancane, ngamathoni anomsindo, ama-monotone, namakhala, afana nephethini efana nokucula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kokuxhumana emisipheni yokukhuluma njengezindebe, ulimi, nepharynx.

3. I-Ocular Motor Disorders: Ekuqaleni kwe-cerebellar atrophy, iziguli zingase zithole ukubukeka kwe-disconjugate kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-oculomotor. Bangase babe nokundindizela okumaholoholo kwamazwe amabili emehlweni, izimo ezimbalwa ezibonisa ukwehla noma i-nystagmus ephindaphindayo.

4.I-Hypotonia: I-Hypotonia ibonwa ngokuyinhloko ezilonda ze-cerebellar hemisphere futhi ayivamile ezilonda ezingapheli. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo ze-cerebellar atrophy, kungase kube khona i-hypertonia yemisipha eqhubekayo, efana nokukhubazeka okunamandla okuthuthumela.

5.Ukubonakaliswa Okungekona Kwezimoto: Lokhu kubandakanya ukukhubazeka kwengqondo nolimi. Obunye ubufakazi buphakamisa ukuhlobana phakathi kwe-cerebellum nesifo sengqondo esifana ne-schizophrenia, i-bipolar disorder, nokuziphatha okuluthayo.

1. Ukuhlolwa Kwezinzwa:

(1) Ukuhlola Umunwe Kusuka Ekhaleni: Yala isiguli ukuba sinwebe futhi sithumbe isitho esingenhla, sithinte ikhala laso ngomunwe, bese siphinda isenzo ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene nesivinini, sivule amehlo futhi sivaleke, siqhathanise izinhlangothi zombili. I-Ataxia ibonakala ngesivinini esingahambisani nokunemba, ukukhomba ngokungeyikho, noma okudinga ukulungiswa ukuze kufinyelelwe okuqondiwe. Ezilonda ze-cerebellar hemisphere, i-ataxia ibonakala kakhulu ngasohlangothini olufanayo njengoba inhloso isondela, ngokuvamile idlula okuhlosiwe.

(2) Ukuhlolwa kweHeel-to-Shin: Isiguli silala sibheke phansi futhi senza izenzo ezintathu ngokulandelana: ukuphakamisa nokwelula isitho esisodwa esingaphansi, sibeke isithende kwelinye idolo elinwetshiwe elingaphansi, bese uslayida isithende phansi esinqeni, sihlose ukunemba nokunemba. ukunyakaza okuhambisanayo. Ekulimaleni kobuchopho, ukuphakamisa umlenze kanye nokuthinta i-shin kungase kungazinzi ngenxa yokungaboni kahle ukujula kanye nokundindizela kwenhloso okubangela ukuzungeza okuya phansi.

(3) Ukuhlolwa Kokunyakaza Okusheshayo Okushintshashintshayo: Isiguli sishaya ngokushesha ngemuva kwesandla esiphambene, noma senza ukunyakaza okusheshayo nokunyakazisa ingalo, noma sishintshane ngokuthinta itafula ngentende nengemuva lesandla. Ekulimaleni kwe-cerebellar, ukunyakaza kuyaxaka futhi akuhambisani nesigqi.

(4) Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Rebound: Uma amehlo evaliwe, isitho esisodwa esingaphezulu sigobeka ngamandla bese sidedelwa umhloli. Kuzilonda ze-cerebellar, ukusebenzisana okungalungile phakathi kwe-agonist kanye nemisipha ephikisanayo kungase kubangele ukunyakaza okuyihaba okuholela ekuzishayeni. Kungenjalo, zombili izingalo zigcinwa ngaphambili futhi zinwetshiwe, futhi umhloli ngokuzumayo uziphushela phansi abese ededela. Abantu abavamile bangabuyela ngokunembile endaweni yokuqala, kuyilapho labo abane-cerebellar ataxia bengakwazi ukulawula ukusebenzisana phakathi kwemisipha ye-agonist kanye ne-antagonist, okuvame ukuholela ekunyakazeni ngokweqile kanye ne-oscillation ende.

(5) Ukuhlolwa Okukhomba Ngokudlule: Isiguli sinweba isitho esingaphezulu siye phambili, sibeke umunwe wokukhomba emunweni omile womhloli, bese siphakamisa isandla sibheke phezulu bese sisibuyisela phansi ukuze sithinte umunwe womhloli. Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa isiguli sigcine isitho esiphezulu sinwetshiwe, kuqala sivule amehlo bese sivaleka. Ekulimaleni kobuchopho, umunwe wesiguli awukhombi kahle umunwe womhloli kodwa udubula ngokweqile.

(6) Ukuhlola Ukuhlala: Isiguli silala sibheke phezulu, izandla zibekwe esifubeni ngaphandle kokusisekela, futhi sizama ukuhlala. Kubantu abavamile, i-trunk kuphela eguquguqukayo, futhi zombili izitho ezingezansi zingase zicindezele ngaphandle kokushiya umbhede. Ezigulini ezinokulimala kwe-cerebellar, zombili izinqulu kanye ne-trunk flex kanyekanye, futhi zombili izitho ezingezansi ziyaphakamisa, okubizwa ngokuthi uphawu lwe-co-contraction.

2.I-Neuroimaging:

I-CT ne-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ingaveza i-cerebellar atrophy, ebonakala ngokwanda nokunwetshwa kwe-cerebellar fissures, ivolumu encishisiwe, ukubukeka kwe-branched folia, amathangi e-cerebellar akhulisiwe, nokwenyuka kwe-ventricle yesine.

Ukuhlonza i-cerebellar atrophy akuvamile ukuba kube nzima futhi ngokuvamile kusekelwe emlandweni wezokwelapha wesiguli, izimpawu, ukuhlolwa komtholampilo, nezifundo zokuthwebula izithombe.